Apparatus for producing textured yarns



Feb: 1969 t T. T. CONSTANT-INE 3,426,407

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING TEXTURED YARNS Original Filed May 31, 1966 Sheet of2 Feb. 11, 1969 'r. T. CONSTANTINE APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING TEXTURED YARNS Original Fil ed May 31, 1966 Sheet 2 61 United States Patent 3,426,407 APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING TEXTURED YARNS Thomas T. Constantine, South Easton, Mass., assignor to Fabric Research Laboratories, Inc., Dedham, Mass., a

corporation of Massachusetts Continuation of application Ser. No. 554,085, May 31,

1966. This application May 6, 1968, Ser. No. 727,093

US. Cl. 28-1 2 Claims Int. Cl. D02g 3/00 ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Yarn texturing apparatus has a compressible surface roll and a blade terminating in an edge for making a transverse depression in the roll surface as the roll rotates. The blade edge has a double pivot mounting so that the blade may be selectively adjusted into different angular positions with respect to the periphery of the roll and then pivoted on a separate pivot to resiliently press it into the roll surface to make a depression through which a yarn is run and out of which the yarn is extruded in a tautless relaxed condition and then collected after it has run a predetermined distance in relaxed condition. The blade edge can also be mounted for adjustable longitudinal movement relative to its operating pivot.

This invention is a continuation of Ser. No. 554,085, filed May 31, 1966, now abandoned, and relates to apparatus for treating yarns in accordance with methods described in a patent application Ser. No. 554,085, filed May 31, 1966, to produce textured warns of coiled, coillike or otherwise shortended configuration formed particularly from thermoplastic synthetic continuous monoand multifilament yarns.

It is an object of this invention to provide a versatile apparatus which may be readily adjusted to control the variables which determine the precise character of texturizing imparted to the yarn by the apparatus and in accordance with various types and size of yarn being processed.

When practicing the methods of the aforesaid inven tion, die surfaces are utilized which are preferably formed by distorting a running elastic surface to create a depression through which a yarn can be run, utilizing the running surface in advance of the depression as the sole yarn driving means.

The apparatus of this invention provides a specific means for creating various forms of depression in such an elastic surface by simple adjustment of its component parts and includes a depressor blade, which is held, in the case of the elastic surface being a roll, against the revolving roll surface with the main engaging surface of the blade at an acute angle to the tangent of the path of normal revolution of the roll at the radius passing through the edge of the blade. The blade thus acts as a detrusor to thrust the yarn downwardly into the depression as it runs and upwardly out of the depression as the yarn proceeds between the end edge of the blade and the leading wall of the depression formed in the roll. Under typical operating conditions, this downward and outward detrusion produces a rooster tail discharge of the yarn out of the depression beyond the blade edge in an untaut or tautless and relaxed condition.

It will be noted that the depression is thus formed by two merging surfaces forming an included obtuse angle and with one wall of the surface much longer than the intersecting surface.

Such an apparatus is shown in the accompanying drawings wherein:

3,426,407 Patented Feb. 11, 1969 FIG. 1 is a schematic elevational view showing such apparatus;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged, detailed cross-sectional view of the apparatus shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged elevational view, partly in cross section, of certain portions of the apparatus;

FIG. 5 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view taken along the line 55 of FIG. 4; and

FIG. 6 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view taken along the line 66 of FIG. 4.

The primary elements of the apparatus comprise a rotatable roll 10, which has a deformable elastic surface which, at one point, is depressed on account of its pressure engagement with a smooth, fiat surface 12, of an incompressible element or blade 14 which terminates in a transverse straight edge 18, preferably formed in a carbide blade tip. The back or outside of the blade shown in FIG. 3 is a bevelled back at a 45 angle, though it may be square or at some other angle less than The blade 14 is held in a blade holder 20 (FIG. 4) by screws 22. Blade holder 20 is mounted in a cage 24 for reciprocal adjustable longitudinal movement relative thereto, for which purpose the inner end of blade holder 20 is connected to a rod 26 which is screw-threaded through a head 28, fixed at the upper end of cage 24.

Cage 24 has atached to its rear surface a cylindrical block 30 which is seated in a bearing 34 formed in an arm 36 which in turn has a circular bearing 38 surrounding a cylindrical boss 40 which extends forwardly from the frame 50 of the machine.

Ann 36 is split at 42 (FIG. 4) and provided with a screw 44 so that arm 36 may be adjustably clamped in a variety of angular positions with respect to the frame as indicated by the scale 52 fixed on frame 50.

It is to be noted that the center of the boss 40 lies on the path of rotation of the periphery of the roll 10 so that, when the straight edge 18 of blade 14 is adjusted in its blade holder 20 to lie along the same axis, it will just bear against the periphery of the rotating roll.

In order to press the blade 14 against the roll 10, the upper end of the blade cage 24 is attached to a spring 60 connected to a set screw 62 screw-threaded through a flange 64 extending outwardly from the arm 36 so that the pressure supplied by the spring may be adjusted.

The apparatus thus permits one, by reason of clamp adjustment, to change what is hereinafter referred to as the blade angle, i.e., the angle which the inner blade surface 12 makes with a tangent to the path of rotation of the periphery of roll 10 at the pivot axis of arm 36, and thus change the geometry of the depression for various operations. As shown in FIG. 3, normally the depression has a long fiat infeed surface merging into a short abruptly rising surface forming an included angle than 90.

.When the blade 14 is pressed against the roll 10 a depression of controlled contour is formed in the surface of the roll, then as the parent filament yarn is fed between the blade and rotating roll, the yarn is bent outwardly as it conforms to the contour of the depression beyond the end of the blade, inducing strains in the yarn which cause the yarn to assume a coiled configuration as it emerges untaut from the bending operation. The interaction of the roll surface, blade and yarn can heat the yarn to a temperature high enough to soften the yarn. With many synthetics, including nylon, polypropylene, polyethylene, cellulose acetate, etc., the softened deformed yarn upon rapid cooling in its untaut state attains a permanent set.

FIG. 1 shows diagrammatically how a yarn is run through the machine, including a source of untextured yarn at 58, an input gate 64 and a series of pins 66 leading to a takeup roll 68. The yarn free falls from the blade untaut as shown at 67 and the free fall should not be so great that the weight of the falling yarn has any detrimental efiect upon formation of coils of the desired tightness. The pins 66 serve to straighten but not stretch the yarn filament or filaments after the yarn has cooled during its free fall, for collection in a tubular package on roll 68. They also serve, in the case of multifilament yarn, to dephase the coils.

maximum denier increase but also more uniform texturing or greater opacity without losing the desired degree of texturing.

What is claimed is: 1. Apparatus of the character described comprising aframe, a rotatable roll mounted on said frame, said roll having a compressible surface, an arm pivotally mounted on said frame for rotation into a plurality of adjustably selected angular posi- A suitable constant speed drive is provided for roll tions with respect to the periphery of said roll, 10. Also, if required, a static eliminator of commercially a blade pivotally mounted on said arm, said blade known construction may be placed to act on the free terminating in a transverse straight edge, falling yarn. means for urging said blade edge into pressure contact The following examples are given as illustrative of with the periphery of said roll to compress said roll operation of the apparatus with the roll 10 rotating at surface, a peripheral speed of 250 linear feet per minute. The means for driving said roll while its surface is comroll had a surface roll hardness of 83 in Shore durometer pressed by said blade to run a yarn through the units and the roll diameter was 3 inches. depression formed in said surface by said blade and Multifilament Monofilament,

Polyamide Polyamide Cellulose Polyester Polypronylon 6 nylon 66 acetate (dacron) pylene Yarn denier 70 70 70 8O 15 No. of filaments... 34 20 34 34 1 Yarn twist .6 0 0 Blade angle (degrees) 15 15 15 10 Blade pressure (lbs.) 5.35 7. 21 5. 66 5. 50 5. 625 Blade position (cm.) 1. 6 1. 6 2. 1 1.9 2.0 Blade temperature F.) 240 230 200 225 220 The blade angle referred to in the above table was the extrude it tautless out of said depression and in 2. angle which the surface 12 of blade 14 made with the relaxed condition, and tangent to the roll 10 at the point of contact of the blade means for collecting said running yarn after it has edge 18 with the surface of the roll for application of run a predetermined distance in its relaxed condition. pressure. The blade position refers to the distance below 2. Apparatus of the character described comprising the horizontal diameter of the roll at which the blade or aframe, edge 18 contacts the periphery of the roll before applicaa rotatable roll mounted on said frame, said roll having tion of pressure. The temperature was measured on the a compressible surface,

outside of the blade as close to the edge as it was posan arm pivotally mounted on said frame for rotation sible to locate the sensitive portion of the temperature into a plurality of adjustably selected angular posisensing instrument. tions with respect to the periphery of said roll,

The multifilament polyamide yarn referred to in the ablade holder pivotally mounted on said arm, first column of the table above cut from the apparatus a blade mounted in said blade holder for longitudinal before it reached pins 66 had entangled coils periodically movement into a plurality of adjustably selected reversing in pitch; after the same yarn had been unwound positions relative to the pivot axis of said blade from takeup roll 68 it contracted and bulked to an even holder, said blade terminating in a transverse straight greater degree showing how the step of straightening the edge, yarn during its passage at room temperature through pins means for urging said blade edge into pressure contact 66 tended to disentangle (dephase) the coils and to bulk with the periphery of said roll to compress said roll the yarn with a permanent set. surface,

Lengths of Y Show P diC fflversal n pitch means for driving said roll while its surface is comoftile Foils Providlng torque'free Y f pressed by said blade to run a yarn through the Similar results were secured with the other multrfiladepression f d in Said surface by Said blade and ment yarns except that the polyester when stralghtened extrude it tautless out of said depression and in a by passage through pins 66 or otherwise did not retain relaxed condition, and Tlig rifoii d la m eifiil ii h c ai lid with periodic rever means for collecting Said running yam after it has Sals in pitch and the coils drew together to shorten and run a predetermined distance in its relaxed conditron. bulk the filament with a permanent set after being References Cited straightened and then relaxed.

There being no output tautness before cooling, tem- FOREIGN PATENTS peratures of operation need not be limited to those which 883,141 11/ 1961 Great Britain.

will permit the yarn to withstand output tension without losing texture. On the contrary, the apparatus may be operated at temperatures which will produce not only LOUIS K. RIMRODT, Primary Examiner. 

